Internal-combustion motor.



S. LOGAN.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION MOTOR,

APPLICATION FILED MAY 25, I91].

Patented Apr. 18, 1915.

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I v U svLvsTER LOGAN S. LOGAN.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION MOTOR APPLICATION FILED MAY 25, 1911.

' Patented Apr; 13, 193.5.

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SLLOGANL .INTERNAL COMBUSTION MOTOR.

AI !"AT!0N FILED MAY 2-5, 1911.

Patented Apr. 13, 1915.

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zokuwi m ma ZOFWE K EEMIP wuwoa SYLVESTER LOGAN entree erm ne FATE OFFEGE.

$YLVESTEB LOGAN, 0F FRANKLIN, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOB, BY DIBECT AND MESNE ASSIG KENTS, OF ONE-HALF T0 LOWE E. SIMPSON.AND ONE-HALF TO ORVILLE SIM SON, BOTH 0F CINCINNATI, OHIO.

v INTERNAL-COMBUSTION MOTOR.

Application filed May 25, 1911 To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, SYLvnsm LOGAN, citizen of the United States, residing 2. Franklin, in the county of Venango and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Intcrnal-Combustion Motors, of which the following is a specification.

The construction and operation of my improve-ii. motor are herein set forth with sufii- (-ient clearness to enable those skilled in the art to which it appertains, to make and use the same.

In the drawings I have shown a certain construction by means of which my inventive idea may be mechanically embodied, but said drawings are, to a certain extent illustrativc merely, and details of construction could, in some respects, be considerably modified without departing from the spirit and scope of my invention.

The various figures in the drawings are as follows Figure l is a central, vertical section of my motor. F ig. 2 is a side view of the pistons. partly in section and a certain portion of the cylinder walls showing said pistons in a position which they occupy during a portion of the fuel-intake stroke. Fig. 3 is sul'istantially the same view shown in Fig. 2 except that it shows the pistons in the po sition which they occupy during a portion of the exhaust stroke. Fig. Lis' a' plan View of the cylinder. Fig. 5 is a diagram illustrating the relative position of the three pistons throughout the various functions of a cycle.

The object of the invention here set forth to provide an internal combustion motor, of the four-stroke cycle type, wherein valves of the usual construction are dispensed with, and pistons of novel construction and arrangement. are caused to perform the functions usually performed by valves. construction adds considerably to the citiriency of the engine for the reason that. when valves are employed a certain amount of power is required to operate the same which is lost. while on the other hand. and with the construction here shown, the pis- Specifieation of Letters Patent.

Saidlatented Apr. 13, 1915.

Serial No. 629,490.

tons which perform the valve functions, are

ada Led to aid in the conversion of the pressur -'evclop'ed in the cylinder into available power, and thus to add to the actual power elliciency of the motor.

The construction, as illustrated in the drawings, by which I attain said object, is substantially as follows I employ a cylinder 1, which is somewhat longer than that employed in the usual construction. Occupying the-lower end of said cylinder is a primary piston 2, which is attached by means of a connecting rod 3 to the main crank-shaft 4 of the motor. In the upper end of said cylinder, two p'stons are employed, a secondary, cylindrical piston 5, which is of the same diameter as piston 2, and a tertiarypiston 6, which is positioned and operates within piston 5. An exhaust port 7 is formed in the wall-ofcylinder l for the escape of gases of combustion. An inlet port 8 is also'formed in the cylinder wallfor the intake of fuel. A passage 9 is formed through the walls of the secondary piston 5, which passage comprises at its inner end or portion the series of ports 9, the outer end of which passage is arranged to register or communicate with ports 7 and 8 at the proper intervals, whereby the fuel intake and combustion exhaust of the motor are properly efiected. The tertiary piston 6 is arranged to travel over said ports 9' and to uncover the same when the outer end of said passage 9 is in communication with ports 7 and 8.

My motor, as here shown, is arranged, as aforesaid. to operate upon the four-stroke cycle. 1

Attached to the crank-shaft 4, is a pinion 10 which meshes with a gear ll upon the eccentric or secondary shaft 12 upon which two eccentrics l3 and 14 are mounted. The ratio between said gear and pinion is two to one. Eccentric 13 has about one half the throw or travel given to eccentric 14. Piston 5 connected by means of a rod 15 and an arm 16 to eccentric 13, and piston 6 is connected by means of a rod 17 and arm 18 to eccentric 14, which causes said pistons 5 and 6 to travel or reciprocate one half as stroke, all of the pistons are being actuated less'of the precise,mechanicalembodiment fast as piston 2, and this construction causes the tertiary piston 6 to cover the ports 9 during two strokes of piston 2, which are the compression and power strokes, and to uncover said ports during approximately two other strokes of said piston'2, which are the exhaust and fuel inlet strokes. The pressure due to the explosion and expansion of vthe fuel charge, is not only exerted upon the primary piston 2, but also upon the secondary and tertiary pistons, and the pressure thus exerted upon .said pistons 5' and 6 means of the connections 15 and 16,17 and 18 and the eccentrics 13 and 14 to shaft 12,

and from thence through the gear and pin-,

ion to'themain crank-shaft 4. From an in spection of Fig. 5, it will be seen that the secondary piston is arranged at a position approximately- 45 in advance of the tertiary piston, and at the instant ofexplosion,

said secondary piston has traveled a onequarter part of its strokeupward ,or awa from the primary piston and that said prlmary piston and the tertiary piston are at 'the point of their nearest approach to each otherthat is, the primary piston is at the highest point of itsstroke, and the tertiary piston is at the lowest point of its stroke; also that during the explosion or power by the pressure in the cylinder andare traveling in response to said pressure, and are," .therefore, each contributing to, and all cooperating'in the conversion of said pressure into available power. So far as the relative travel and motions of the pistons are concerned, this action and, cooperation during the power stroke is the material point, and during the remainder of the cycle the only" material point is the opening of the ports, as shown in Figs. 2" and 3, at the proper point and during the proper period, v

It will be readily understood that various modifications of mechanism could be substituted for the connections 15, 16, Hand 18, as shown in the drawings, without departing from the scope of my invention. y

.Any suitable type of ignition cdul d-be" employed with my improved motor. biit I have here shown an electric spark-plug 19 of a well-known type.

As previously stated, the drawings are illustrative merely, and Ido not intend to be understood asv confining myself to the exact form of construction there shown. The essential feature of my invention, regard- I thereof, is the employment'of three pistons of said pressure into availablepower, by the" mechanism well lmown 1n the art, such as a j.

crank-shaft, connecting rods,.vreducinggea r, t

igniter, etc.; two of saidjpistonsbeing ar-,

ranged to perform the function of controlling-ports for the admissionof fuel tothe cylinder and thewlischarge of the products 1 of combustion therefrom. 1

In the construction shown, it being neces .sary to provide means for accomplishing the relative vertical adjustment of thesecondary with a sleeve 16 which receives and is ar-' ranged to be longitudinallyadjustable upon and tertiary pistons, I provide the arm.16 is transmitted and converted into power by the upper, screw-threaded end of rod 153.1

also p'rovide arm 18 with a'=sleeve 18' which recelves and is arranged to b longitudinally adjustable upon the upper screw-. 1'

threaded end of rod 18, and by means of the nuts 20 upon said rods, which are arranged 'to bear upon either end of said sleeves, I am enabled to eflect such adjustment, which is...-

forthe' purpose of securing the proper, register of the inlet and, exhaust passage 9'in. I:

,piston 5, with ports 7 and s in the cylinder r and alsothe proper position of the lower en 'of piston 6 relative to ports9' in pistonb.

What I claim and-desire to secure by "Let teris Patent, is

combination with a cylinder and means for In an internal cohiiustion motor,' the.

converting pressure therein," to available,

power, of three pistons operab 'within said cylinder, and arranged to form the primary v elements 'of said convertin means, two 'off a ,100

saili pistons being arrange ja's cooperative unsup'plemented or direct controlling means for the fuel-inletports and the let ports insaid cylinder;

2,, In an internal combustion motor," combination, a cylinder for such motorhav- 'inginlet ports and exhaust ports through" exhaust-out f.

the walls thereof, and means for converting the pressure within said cylinder intoavail-" able power, 'said converting means comprising among the elements thereof, a main-pis-= ton operative within. said cylinder, asecondary cylindrical piston also operati i e within' 1 1 'said cylinder, said secondary piston having ports passing through its walls anda'rrange 'to communicate directly with, both the inlet ports'and' tlie'e'xhaus't ports in-the'walloi K said cylinder, a tertiary piston operable, within said secondary piston andarrang'ed to-directly control the inner or adjacent ends of .the openings of the ports withinsaid sec ondary piston, for the purpose set'jor'th'; 3. In an internal 'combustionmo'torhaving a single cylinder, in combination, means '3 for converting the pressure generatedz-w thm said cylinder into available jp'owe yjthe pri mary elements of said converting means'con' sisting of threeipistons, a ,prim'arypiston,

and a secondary piston operative within said cylinder, and a tertiary piston operative Within said secondary piston, there being inlet ports and exhaust ports through the wall of said cylinder, also ports through the wall of said secondary piston adapted to communicate directly with said cylinder ports respectively at different and proper intervals in harmony with a four-stroke cycle, said tertiary piston being arranged to directly control the adjacent ends of the ports in said secondary piston in like manner, for the purpose set forth. 4. In an internal combustion motor, a cylinder, a primary piston operative in said cylinder at one end thereof, a secondary cylindrical piston operative in the other end of said cylinder, a tertiary piston operative in said secondary piston, inlet ports in said.

cylinder, exhaust ports in said cylinder, said secondary and tertiary pistons being arranged for the cooperative, unsupplementcd or direct control of said ports for the inlet of fuel to and the outlet of the products'of combustion from said cylinder; all three of said pistons being adapted to co-act in the com- I'nunication of the explosive force Within the cylinder to the crank-shaft of the motor.

5. In an internal combustion motor, a cylinder, there being inlet ports and exhaust ports in the walls of said cylinder, a primary piston operative in one end of said cylinder, a crankshaft, a pinion upon said shaft, a connecting rod connecting said piston to said shaft, a secondary, cylindrical piston operative in the other end of said cylinder and within the same chamber in which said primary piston is, located, there being ports through the Walls of said secondary piston arranged to communicate directly with the ports in said cylinder, a tertiary piston operative within said secondary piston and arranged to directly control the ports in said secondary piston, a secondary shaft, a gear upon said secondary shaft arranged to mesh with said pinion, said gear and said pinion being of the relative ratio of two to one, two eccentrics upon said secondary shaft and adjustable means connecting said secondary and said tertiary pistons to said eccentrics respectively. 0 Y

6. In an internal combustion motor. in combination, a cylinder for such motor having a series of inlet ports and another series of exhaust ports through the wall thereof, means for converting the pressure within said cylinder into available power, said 0011- verting means comprising among the elements thereof. a main piston operative within one end of said cylinder, a secondary piston operative vithin the other end of said cylinder. said secondary piston being of cylindrical form and having one series of ports extending through its wall arranged to communicate with both seriesof ports in said cylinder, a I tertiary piston operable within said secondary piston and arranged to control the inner or adjacent ends of the ports within said secondary piston, for the purpose set forth.

7. In an internal combustion motor, in combination, a cylinder for such motor hav-- ing a series of inlet ports, and anotherparallel series of exhaust ports through the wall thereof, a main piston operative within said cylinder at one end thereof, a secondary cylindrical piston operative in the other end of said cylinder, said secondary piston having one series of ports extending throug the wall thereof and arninged to have comthe-engine, and provided with a fuel-inlet I pout and an exhaust port nearer to said combustion chamber, two valve members working in said casing and adapted to cooperate directly with said ports, whereby the inlet of fuel to, and the exhaust of the gas-ts of combustion from said combustion chainber are effected, and valve-moving mechanism actuated by the engine and adapted to move the two valve members ditierentially and to give the two valve members one impulse for each two impulses of the'engine. v

9. A four-cycle gas engine comprising a cylindrical valve-casing having one end constantly in communication with the combustion chamber of the engine, and provided with a fuel-inlet port, and provided with an exhaust port nearer to said'combustion chamber, a first cylindrical va ive member working in said casin and provided with an annularpassage a apted t0 co6pcrate with said ports, a cylindrical second valve member adapted to cooperate directly with the passage in the first valve member,

and valve moving mechanism actuated by.

with an exhaust port-nearer tosaid eoiln bustiorichimber, 'a'first, cylindrical valve member .-working 'insaid casing and provided with an annular passage adapted to cooperate with said casing ports at different intervals, a'second cylindrical valve chamher adapted to cooperate with the passage in the first valve 'Inernber, and valve-movingmechanism actuated by the engine adapted to move said two valve members diflerentially and to give to. said two valve members one impulse for each two impulses of the engine, both of said valves being arranged and adapted to coact with the motor piston in" the communication of the explosive'force Within the cylinder, tothe crank shaft of the motor.

11. In a motor, the combination with. a. chamber adapted to contain an expansive fluid, of two cylinders having direct com 'munication with said chamher, .a piston op-- erative in one of said cylinders, two pistcns operative in the other of said cylin-- ders, said two pistons being arranged as controlling means for the inlet port'and for the exhaust port which, extend through the wall of said last mentioned cylinder, all three of said pistons bein adapted to be actuated by the expansive orce of the fluid yvithin said chamber, and means for converting said actuation into available power.

12. In a gas-engine, the combination of a combustion chamber, a main cylinder and a valve cylinder communicating with said combustion chamber at one end, the valve cylinder being provided with a supply am}- an exhaust port entering it directly through one of its walls, a main piston in the main cylinder, a valve sleeve in the valve cylinder directly cooperating with the walls thereof and with, said'ports, a valve iston within said valve sleeve and directly coiiperating' with 'the sleeve' wal s, the valve sleeve being providedwith a port through ber and having in its Wall a' series of intake a series of eiihaiist ports similarly arra ed, ;.a piston slee'vein connections between' the counters aft and said valve iston to cause the latter to move difierenti'al y to regulate the intake 81 d exh'aust. in accordance with the movement of themain piston."

.' In' testimony/whereof l afiix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

SYLVES TER Witnesses:

" P. H NLON, En. E. LUCK.

-LOGAN.

said' valve cylinder .ha v- 

